Naproxen: The NSAID for Pain and Inflammation
What is Naproxen?
Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever. It is commonly prescribed for conditions such as arthritis, musculoskeletal pain, dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and gout.Naproxen works by inhibiting COX enzymes, which are responsible for the production of prostaglandins, inflammatory cytokines, chemicals that cause inflammation and pain..
How Naproxen Works
Naproxen inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, which are involved in the production of prostaglandins. By blocking these enzymes, Naproxen reduces inflammation, pain, and fever, providing relief from various conditions.
When to Use Naproxen
● Arthritis: For reducing joint pain and inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
● Pain Relief: Effective for managing headaches, toothaches, muscle pain, and menstrual cramps.
● Gout: Used to treat the pain and inflammation associated with gout attacks.
Dosage
● Adult Dose: Typically, 500 mg to 1000 mg daily in divided doses, depending on the condition and severity of symptoms. It can be increased to 1500 mg/day based on response but for a limited time period. For flares of gout the starting dose is 750 mg followed by 250 mg every 8 hours.
● Pediatric Dose: It is not recommended for children under 12 years for long-term use, except under medical supervision. For pain we can give children <60 kg with 5-6 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours. The maximum dose is 1000 mg/dose. For children >60 kg the oral dose is between 250-375 mg.
● For Juvenile idiopathic arthritis the dose is 10-15 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses with maximum doses of 1000 mg/day.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Nausea, stomach upset, headache, and dizziness.
● Serious Adverse Effects: GI bleeding, ulcers, and kidney problems. Prolonged use may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.