Tenofovir: A Powerful Antiviral for HIV and Hepatitis B
Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of HIV and chronic hepatitis B. By inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, Tenofovir helps block the replication of HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the body.
Mechanism of Action
Tenofovir interferes with the enzyme reverse transcriptase, blocking the conversion of viral RNA into DNA and thus preventing the virus from multiplying and spreading in the body.
Indications
● HIV: As part of a combination therapy regimen to reduce the viral load.
● Hepatitis B: To reduce viral replication and damage to the liver.
Dosage and Administration
● Adults: 300 mg once daily for both HIV and hepatitis B treatment.
● Pediatric Dosage: Not recommended for children under 2 years. But above 2 years it is given as 8 mg/kg/dose once a day. Maximum dosage is 300 mg/day.
Side Effects
● Common: Nausea, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue.
● Serious: Kidney damage, osteomalacia, and lactic acidosis (rare).
Pregnancy Category: Category B – Generally considered safe during pregnancy.
Common Brands
● Tenvir
● Tenohep