Nalidixic Acid: The Antibiotic for Urinary Tract Infections
What is Nalidixic Acid?
Nalidixic Acid is a quinolone antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by E. coli and other susceptible bacteria. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication, which helps stop bacterial growth.
How Nalidixic Acid Works
Nalidixic acid inhibits DNA gyrase, an enzyme that is essential for bacterial DNA replication. By blocking this enzyme, it prevents bacteria from multiplying, effectively treating infections.
When to Use Nalidixic Acid
● Urinary Tract Infections: Nalidixic acid is used to treat lower UTIs like cystitis and urethritis.
● Other Infections: It can sometimes be used for gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections, though it is primarily indicated for UTIs.
Dosage
● Adult Dose for UTIs: 1 gram orally every 6 hours for 7-10 days. For Chronic infections the dose is reduced to 500 mg every 6 hours.
● Pediatric Dose: Dosing is typically based on body weight, starting at 50-55 mg/kg/day divided into 4 doses.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Nausea, diarrhea, and headache.
● Serious Adverse Effects: Tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and severe gastrointestinal upset.
Common Indian brands: Gramoneg, Dix.