Ondansetron: The Antiemetic for Nausea and Vomiting
What is Ondansetron?
Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. It works by blocking serotonin receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract, preventing the feeling of nausea.
How Ondansetron Works
Ondansetron works by blocking the 5-HT3 receptors in the gut and the central nervous system, which are responsible for triggering nausea and vomiting. This helps control symptoms in patients undergoing chemotherapy or post-surgery.
When to Use Ondansetron
● Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Ondansetron is commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy drugs.
● Post-Surgical Nausea: It is often used after surgical procedures to prevent nausea and vomiting during recovery.
● Radiation Therapy: Ondansetron is also prescribed for nausea associated with radiotherapy.
Dosage
● Adult Dose for Chemotherapy: 8 mg taken 30 minutes before chemotherapy, followed by another dose 8 hours after chemotherapy.
● Adult Dose for Post-Surgery: 4 mg intravenously before or after surgery.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Headache, constipation, dizziness, and fatigue.
● Serious Adverse Effects: QT prolongation (a heart rhythm disorder), serotonin syndrome (when combined with other serotonergic medications).
Common brands: Ondem, Emeset, Vomikind, Zofer.