Nystatin: The Antifungal for Skin and Mucosal Infections
What is Nystatin?
Nystatin is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections of the skin, mouth, and intestines. It works by binding to ergosterol, a key component of the fungal cell membrane, and disrupting its structure, which leads to fungal cell death.
How Nystatin Works
Nystatin binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, forming pores that lead to leakage of intracellular contents. This results in fungal cell death and the resolution of the infection.
When to Use Nystatin
● Oral Candidiasis: Used to treat thrush (oral yeast infections) caused by Candida albicans.
● Skin Infections: Applied topically for cutaneous candidiasis (skin yeast infections) and other superficial fungal infections.
● Gastrointestinal Candidiasis: Used to treat infections in the gastrointestinal tract.
Dosage
● Adult Dose for Oral Infections: 400,000 to 600,000 units (4-6 ml) four times daily as a suspension.
● Adult Dose for Skin Infections: Topical application of Nystatin cream to the affected area 2-3 times daily.
● Pediatric dose: 2-4 ml (200,000 to 400,000 units) four times a day. Topically 100000 units is applied to the affected area twice a day.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Skin irritation or burning at the application site.
● Serious Adverse Effects: Rare, but may include allergic reactions and gastrointestinal disturbances with oral use.
Common Indian brands: Nistin.