Thyroxine: The Essential Treatment for Hypothyroidism
Thyroxine (Levothyroxine) is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone used to control hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). It is crucial in normalizing thyroid hormone levels, restoring energy, maintaining basal metabolism rate, and overall body function.
Mechanism of Action
Thyroxine is converted into T3 (triiodothyronine) in the body, which regulates metabolism, energy production, and growth. By supplementing T4, it helps normalize metabolic functions that may be disrupted in hypothyroidism.
Indications
● Hypothyroidism: To replace or supplement thyroid hormone levels.
● Post-Thyroidectomy: For patients who have had their thyroid gland removed.
● Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Following treatment for hyperthyroidism.
Dosage and Administration
● Adults: Initial dose is usually 25–50 mcg per day, gradually increased to the required level (100–200 mcg per day).
● Pediatric Dosage: Based on age and weight, starting doses usually range from 12.5–50 mcg daily.
Side Effects
● Common: Insomnia, weight loss, nervousness, and increased appetite.
● Serious: Overdose can lead to hyperthyroidism, causing symptoms like palpitations, sweating, and bone thinning.
Pregnancy Category: Category A – Safe during pregnancy.
Common Brands
● Euthyrox
● Eltroxin
● Synthroid