Risperidone: The Atypical Antipsychotic for Mental Health Conditions
What is Risperidone?
Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic used to control schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (manic phase), and irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder. It works by affecting neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin in the brain to reduce symptoms of psychosis and mood instability.
How Risperidone Works
Risperidone blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain. By regulating the levels of these neurotransmitters, it helps reduce symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, mood swings, and impulsivity.
When to Use Risperidone
● Schizophrenia: Risperidone is used to treat both acute and chronic schizophrenia in adults and children.
● Bipolar Disorder: It is used to treat manic episodes and as part of maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder.
● Irritability in Autism: Risperidone is used to treat irritability, aggression, and self-injurious behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder.
Dosage
● Adult Dose for Schizophrenia: Typically, 2 mg to 4 mg once daily, with a maximum dose of 8 mg per day. For children the general starting dose is 0.5 mg/day which is adjusted based on response.
● Adult Dose for Bipolar Disorder: The typical starting dose is 2 mg once daily, which may be increased based on response. Maximum dose is 6 mg/day.
● Pediatric Dose for Autism: Typically, 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg per day, with a gradual increase based on weight and response.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Drowsiness, weight gain, dizziness, and constipation.
● Serious Adverse Effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms (movement disorders), metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, and cardiovascular problems.
Common brands: Sizodon, Risdone.
