Isoniazid: The Tuberculosis Drug You Need to Know About
What is Isoniazid?
Isoniazid is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It is usually prescribed as part of a combination therapy for active tuberculosis or for preventing TB in people at high risk. It is also used for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection.
How Isoniazid Works
Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid resulting in disruption of the bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic level it is bactericidal against most strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
When to Use Isoniazid
● Active TB: Often used in combination with other anti-TB medications to treat active tuberculosis infections.
● Preventive Treatment: Used for people at high risk of developing tuberculosis, such as those with HIV or close contact with someone who has active TB.
Dosage
● Adult Dose: 5 mg/kg (typically 300 mg) once daily for active TB treatment or 300 mg daily for preventive therapy. Maximum dose is 900 mg/dose
● Pediatric Dose: 10-15 mg/kg daily, adjusted based on age and weight. Maximum dose is 300 mg/dose.
Side Effects
● Common Effects: Nausea, vomiting, liver toxicity, rash, and peripheral neuropathy (numbness or tingling in the hands and feet).
● Serious Adverse Effects: Hepatitis, severe allergic reactions, and neurological issues such as optic neuritis.
FAQ
How long do I need to take Isoniazid?
Treatment duration typically lasts 6-9 months for active TB and 6-12 months for preventive treatment.
Can Isoniazid cause liver damage?
Yes, liver toxicity is a potential side effect, so regular liver function tests are necessary during treatment.
Is Isoniazid used for other infections?
No, it is specific for tuberculosis and should not be used for other bacterial infections.
Disclaimer
Isoniazid requires regular monitoring for liver function and other potential side effects. Always consult your doctor before starting or discontinuing treatment.
How HealthPil Can Help
HealthPil provides infectious disease specialists who can monitor your progress while on Isoniazid and adjust your treatment regimen if needed. With our teleconsultation services, you can have your symptoms evaluated, get prescription refills, and manage TB treatment safely.